VOCs冷凝回收，特別是深冷冷凝（主要為機(jī)械壓縮式），之前大家稱之為油氣回收比較多，這是因?yàn)閂OCs深冷設(shè)備主要最先運(yùn)用在油氣回收行業(yè)，特別是儲(chǔ)罐裝車逸散氣及儲(chǔ)罐大小呼吸逸散氣的高濃度小風(fēng)量的冷凝回收，除了實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)保達(dá)標(biāo)，在經(jīng)濟(jì)效益上也比較明顯，這主要是一些純?nèi)軇┑幕厥盏慕?jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值?，F(xiàn)今，VOCs深冷運(yùn)用在化工行業(yè)的預(yù)處理越來越廣泛。下面我們來分享一下，VOCs冷凝回收裝置設(shè)計(jì)及運(yùn)維的一些要點(diǎn)：

　　VOCs condensation recovery, especially deep cold condensation (mainly mechanical compression type), was previously commonly referred to as oil and gas recovery. This is because VOCs deep cold equipment was first used in the oil and gas recovery industry, especially for high concentration and low air volume condensation recovery of tank loading and tank size breathing gases. In addition to achieving environmental standards, it also has significant economic benefits, mainly due to the economic value of recovering some pure solvents. Nowadays, VOCs cryogenic treatment is becoming increasingly widely used in the chemical industry for pretreatment. Below, we will share some key points for the design and operation of VOCs condensation recovery devices:

　　一、關(guān)鍵參數(shù)

　　1、 Key parameters

　?、兕A(yù)冷器運(yùn)行溫度在混合氣各組分的凝固點(diǎn)以上，進(jìn)入裝置的混合氣溫度降到4℃時(shí)，可將大部分水除去，機(jī)械制冷可使大部分VOCs 冷凝為液體而回收；若需要更低的冷溫度，可以再連接液氮制冷，從而提高VOCs 回收率。

　　① The operating temperature of the pre cooler is above the freezing point of each component of the mixed gas. When the temperature of the mixed gas entering the device drops to 4 ℃, most of the water can be removed, and mechanical refrigeration can condense most of the VOCs into liquid for recovery; If a lower cooling temperature is required, liquid nitrogen refrigeration can be connected to improve the VOCs recovery rate.

　?、谶\(yùn)行過程中，應(yīng)密切注意冷凝溫度。降低冷凝溫度，可以提高壓縮機(jī)制冷量，降低功率消耗，提高制冷系數(shù)。但冷凝溫度過低會(huì)影響到制冷劑的循環(huán)量，使制冷量下降。

　?、?During operation, close attention should be paid to the condensation temperature. Lowering the condensation temperature can increase the cooling capacity of the compressor, reduce power consumption, and improve the refrigeration coefficient. However, a low condensation temperature can affect the circulation of refrigerant, resulting in a decrease in cooling capacity.

　?、?R402a 與R402b 作為短期制冷劑能夠發(fā)揮很好的效果，而R404a 與R407a 可以作為長(zhǎng)期使用制冷劑。

　?、?R402a and R402b can perform well as short-term refrigerants, while R404a and R407a can be used as long-term refrigerants.

　?、芤话銓?duì)于油氣回收集成工藝來說，冷凝段溫度可控制在-40～-50℃（為了使回收裝置的排放濃度控制在很低水平）或-20～-30℃（為了使回收裝置的投資成本及能耗控制在低水平）。二、其他要求控制和調(diào)整壓縮機(jī)吸氣壓力、排氣壓力、膨脹閥前的制冷劑溫度等在合理范圍內(nèi)。如下為冷凝裝置運(yùn)行維護(hù)要求：附：VOCs深冷回收設(shè)備與建筑物/設(shè)施的安全距離解析（來源網(wǎng)絡(luò)）1，關(guān)于VOCs/油氣冷凝回收處理裝置選址的依據(jù)（油氣冷凝回收處理裝置——罐區(qū)甲、乙類泵或泵房）Q/SH0117-2007《油氣回收系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)導(dǎo)則》第3.2條：油氣回收裝置宜靠近油罐車發(fā)油棧臺(tái)安裝。與其他建筑物防火距離按照《石油庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB50074—2002）表5.0.3中“甲、乙類油品泵房”確定。在煉油廠與其他建筑物防火距離按《石油化工企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》（GB50160—2008）表4.2.12?《石油化工廠總平面布置的防火間距》中“罐區(qū)甲、乙類泵或泵房”確定。2，《油品裝載系統(tǒng)油氣回收設(shè)施設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》GB50759-2012的規(guī)定

　　④ For the integrated process of oil and gas recovery, the temperature of the condensation section can be controlled at -40 to -50 ℃ (to keep the emission concentration of the recovery device at a very low level) or -20 to -30 ℃ (to keep the investment cost and energy consumption of the recovery device at a low level). 2、 Other requirements include controlling and adjusting the suction pressure, discharge pressure, and refrigerant temperature before the expansion valve of the compressor within a reasonable range. The following are the requirements for the operation and maintenance of the condensing device: Attachment: Analysis of the safe distance between VOCs cryogenic recovery equipment and buildings/facilities (source network) 1. The basis for selecting the location of VOCs/oil and gas condensing recovery treatment equipment (oil and gas condensing recovery treatment equipment - tank area Class A and B pumps or pump rooms) Q/SH0117-2007 "Technical Guidelines for Oil and Gas Recovery System Engineering" Article 3.2: Oil and gas recovery equipment should be installed near the oil tank truck oil delivery platform. The fire protection distance from other buildings shall be determined in accordance with Table 5.0.3 of the "Code for Design of Petroleum Depots" (GB50074-2002) for Class A and Class B oil pump rooms. The fire separation distance between the refinery and other buildings shall be determined according to Table 4.2.12 "Fire Separation Distance for General Layout of Petrochemical Plants" in the "Fire Protection Design Code for Petrochemical Enterprises" (GB50160-2008), specifically for Class A and Class B pumps or pump rooms in the tank area. 2. Design Specification for Oil and Gas Recovery Facilities in Oil Loading Systems GB50759-2012

　　綜合以兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的上數(shù)據(jù)，油氣回收設(shè)備在煉油廠油庫(kù)內(nèi)，與其他設(shè)施、建筑物、構(gòu)筑物之間的防火距離，最大為與＞10000m?全冷凍式儲(chǔ)存液化烴的儲(chǔ)罐的距離45m。（可以認(rèn)為這是油氣回收處理裝置選址要求的一個(gè)極限距離。）

　　Based on the data from two standards, the maximum fire distance between the oil and gas recovery equipment in the refinery oil depot and other facilities, buildings, and structures is 45m from the storage tank for liquefied hydrocarbons with a capacity of more than 10000m ?. This can be considered as an extreme distance required for the site selection of oil and gas recovery and processing equipment. ）

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